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2nd Sem Food Production Notes

Cooking of Flour (Starch)

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Last updated: 5 July 2023

Starch: A solid carbohydrate that is granular in form and naturally present in many plants such as grains (wheat or rice), pulses (corn), tubers (potatoes), and numerous other plant species.
When cooked, starch can affect foods as it changes the stability, texture and viscosity of the item being prepared. It is a substance commonly used to alter various aspects of foods being manufactured as well as being prepared.
As an example, sticky rice is a short grain variety of white rice that sticks together when cooked. This variety is generally used for commercial product formulations rather than home recipes, converting the rice starch and flour into food binders for fillings, gravies and sauces.
The starch and flour can withstand refrigerated conditions without separating when frozen or thawed, becoming an excellent option for frozen food formulations. During food preparation, different varieties of foods cook into a very dense consistency due to the higher ratio of starch, thus affecting the preparation and results when finished, similar to the reaction occurring with rice. In some instances, the results are desirable, such as achieving a binding texture necessary when making sushi. However, in other instances, starches can adversely affect the way foods appear, taste or react, so it is best to gain a good understanding of the properties of this carbohydrate when preparing foods.

 

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To know more about how Flour is used in different cooking techniques and foods visit the link given below:-

https://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t–1038/flour-cooking-guide.asp

 

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Syllabus BHM151 (T)

01 Soups

  1. Basic recipes other than consommé with menu examples
    1. Broths
    2. Bouillon
    3. Puree
    4. Cream
    5. Veloute
    6. Chowder
    7. Bisque etc
  2. Garnishes and accompaniments
  3. International soups

02 Sauces & Gravies

  1. Difference between sauce and gravy
  2. Derivatives of mother sauces
  3. Contemporary & Proprietary

03 Meat Cookery

  1. Introduction to meat cookery
  2. Cuts of beef/veal
  3. Cuts of lamb/mutton
  4. Cuts of pork
  5. Variety meats (offals)
  6. Poultry (With menu examples of each)

04 Fish Cookery

  1. Introduction to fish cookery
  2. Classification of fish with examples
  3. Cuts of fish with menu examples
  4. Selection of fish and shell fish
  5. Cooking of fish (effects of heat)

05 Rice, Cereals & Pulses

  1. Introduction
  2. Classification and identification
  3. Cooking of rice, cereals and pulses
  4. Varieties of rice and other cereals

06 i) Pastry

  1. Short crust
  2. Laminated
  3. ChouxHot water/Rough puff
    1. Recipes and methods of preparation
    2. Differences
    3. Uses of each pastry
    4. Care to be taken while preparing pastry
    5. Role of each ingredient
    6. Temperature of baking pastry

ii) Flour

  1. Structure of wheat
  2. Types of Wheat
  3. Types of Flour
  4. Processing of Wheat – Flour
  5. Uses of Flour in Food Production
  6. Cooking of Flour (Starch)

iii) Simple Breads

  1. Principles of bread making
  2. Simple yeast breads
  3. Role of each ingredient in bread making
  4. Baking temperature and its importance

07 Pastry Creams

  1. Basic pastry creams
  2. Uses in confectionery
  3. Preparation and care in production

08 Basic Commodities

i) Milk

  1. Introduction
  2. Processing of Milk
  3. Pasteurisation – Homogenisation
  4. Types of Milk – Skimmed and Condensed
  5. Nutritive Value

ii) Cream

  1. Introduction
  2. Processing of Cream
  3. Types of Cream

iii) Cheese

  1. Introduction
  2. Processing of Cheese
  3. Types of Cheese
  4. Classification of Cheese
  5. Curing of Cheese
  6. Uses of Cheese

iv) Butter

  1. Introduction
  2. Processing of Butter
  3. Types of Butter

09 Basic Indian Cookery

i) Condiments & Spices

  1. Introduction to Indian food
  2. Spices used in Indian cookery
  3. Role of spices in Indian cookery
  4. Indian equivalent of spices (names)

ii) Masalas

  1. Blending of spices
  2. Different masalas used in Indian cookery
    1. Wet masalas
    2. Dry masalas
  3. Composition of different masalas
  4. Varieties of masalas available in regional areas
  5. Special masala blends

10 Kitchen Organization and Layout

  1. General layout of the kitchen in various organisations
  2. Layout of receiving areas
  3. Layout of service and wash up