ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE- As per the Indian standard, alcoholic drinks are those drinks which contained alcohol from 0.5 to 42.8% v/v alcohol & as per world standard the range of alcoholic percentage are 0.5 to 95% v/v. Fermentation- This is biological reaction in which...
BEER- Beer is defined as a fermented, alcoholic beverage made from barley, wheat, rice etc. & flavoured with hops. SAKE- Sake is an ancient fermented beverage known to have been made since about the third century A.D in china. But it was not until about 600 years...
Wine (from Latin vinum) is an alcoholic beverage made from grapes, generally Vitis vinifera, fermented without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, water, or other nutrients. Wine has long played an important role in religion. Red wine was associated with blood by...
Types of wines Still Wines This is the largest category. The alcoholic strength may be between 9% and 15% by volume. The wines may be: Red: being fermented in contact with grape skins from which the wine gets its colour. Normally dry wines. White: usually produced...
Manufacturing Process of Wines Fermentation Grapes crushed → must + yeast Fermentation begins → alcohol + carbon dioxide 10% to 12% alcohol is standard – in case of most wines, sugar finishes before yeast. Left to nature, almost all wines would be dry – except the...
Wine Laws of France First established in early 1900s – modified a number of times. Appellation Controllé (controlled naming) laws – the name of a wine reveals quality – helps prevent fraud & gives authenticity. In 1935 INAO was established. INAO – Institut...
Amongst all the architecture, the history, the art and its literature, Germany holds a great winemaking production. This fascinating country has history with some great names in cuisine, fashion and design, music and sports. Yet just like everything else, its winery...
Italian wine is one of the most difficult regions to get to know. At the moment, there are about 350 official Italian wine varieties. Italy produces a huge amount of table wine, Vermouth, and cooking wines (such as some Marsala). That said, there are 3 major regions...
Spain Wine Classification While the traditional Spanish wine classification was very different from France’s, since 2003 the new Spanish wine quality ladder of is evolving toward something closer to French wine law: Vino de Mesa (table wine) This category is the...
Official Wine Categories DOC or DOP At the top level of the European wine hierarchy, Portugal has 31 DOCs/DOPs. At the moment, both of these terms are used in Portugal, the traditional local ‘DOC’ (Denominação de Origem Controlada) meaning Controlled Designation of...
Wine Laws of USA The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms established American Viticultural Areas, or AVAs, to define growing regions distinguished by geographical and terroir features. There are over 140 AVAs in the United States, including Napa Valley in...
Wine Regions Australia’s viticulture began with the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788. Since then, wine making has expanded with more than 100 different grape varieties across 65 designated wine regions. Yarra Valley, Victoria Victoria’s wine industry can be traced...
Beer Beer is defined as a fermented, alcoholic beverage made from barley, wheat, rice, etc. & flavored with hops. History There is evidence that the brewing process was established in Babylon in 6000 B.C. Egyptian improved upon the process & Roman started for...
Scales for Measuring Alcohol Strength There are three scales of measuring proof namely: Gay Lussac or GL system: In this system, the proof is equal to the percentage of alcohol in the spirit. So if Vodka has 43% alcohol it is 43⁰ proof GL. British or Canadian Proof:...
DEFINITION An alcoholic beverage produced by combining spirits with fruits, herbs and other flavouring elements and containing more than 2.5% by weight of sugar. ORIGIN Latin word- LIQUIFACERE- means to dissolve or melt Liqueurs were used as medicine for stomach...
Distillation HISTORY Distilling was used as early as 3500 BC in Mesopotamia where perfume makers had developed it as a technique for isolating the scented oils of flowers and plants, what we know as “attar”. Around 1100 AD wine was first distilled to make spirit by...
GIN DEFINITION Gin is a flavoured alcoholic beverage, which produced by re-distilling high proof spirit with Juniper berries and other flavouring agent. HISTORY OF GIN "Shaken, not stirred." A classic line, for a classic cocktail--the preferred martini of...
VODKA DEFINITION Vodka is a neutral spirit made from the fermentation and distillation grain mash than rectified. It has no flavour, aroma, colour etc. History of Vodka Vodka is a drink, which originated in Eastern Europe. The name stemming from the Russian...
Tequilla Definition- Tequila is fermented & distilled alcoholic beverage made from the blue agave plant and produced in specific geographic area of Mexico known as Tequila, which is within the state of Jailisco (about 40 miles northwest of Guadalajara) and...
Rum “Rum” is an alcoholic distillate made from sugar cane, or its derivatives like sugar cane juice, molasses or other sugar cane by-products. The base is combined with water & yeast and after fermentation if is distilled. Majority of rums are produced from...
WHISKEY DEFINITION- Whiskey is a spirit made by fermenting and distilling grain. By long standing tradition, Scottish distillers spell the name of the spirit as “WHISKY” and the Irish distillers spell their spirit as “WHISKEY”. The Canadians follow the Scottish...
APERITIF INTRODUCTION - The word aperitifs originated from the Latin word “Aperitivers” which means to open up. In our context, it is to open up the appetite for future courses to come. Although hunger is the best appetizer, there are alcoholic beverages that can...
The Food and Wine combinations that most of us grew up with were the “Red wine with beef” and “White wine with fish or poultry” rules. Since then, we've heard "any wine as long as you like it". A person can differentiate (on average) about 9,000 different aromas. ...
Brandy is a spirit made by fermenting and distillation fruits juice. When made from fruits other than grapes the word brandy is linked with the name of the fruit. When the label reads brandy alone without any qualifying description it should be understood that it is...